CATARACT FACT SHEET

Cataract Fact Sheet

What is a cataract? A cataract is opacity of the natural crystalline lens in the eye. A cataract is not a new growth in the eye or lens. The term “cataract” implies that the lens is not clear any more causing vision to be blurry like looking thorough a misty glass or waterfall. In fact the word cataract is Latin for “waterfall”.

Who gets cataracts? According to the National Institutes of Health, 20.5 million people in the U.S. aged 40 and older suffer from cataracts. Cataract surgery is the most common surgery performed worldwide with more than 2.7 million procedures performed annually in the US.

What causes cataracts? Cataract formation is a normal part of aging. While the exact cause is unknown, possible causes may include eye injuries and even some forms of radiation. Recent research findings indicate that the average age of 55 for onset of cataracts is decreasing (American Cataract Foundation), with 50 percent of people aged 65 and above having had or currently having cataracts.

How are cataracts treated? In the early stages of cataracts, vision can be improved by using corrective lenses, magnifying glasses or better lighting. However, ultimately, surgery to remove the cataract is the only effective treatment.

What happens in cataract surgery? In a cataract operation, the eye’s natural lens is removed and a new lens is inserted to restore vision. This new lens is a permanent implant or artificial lens and is referred to as an intraocular lens or IOL.